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Himachal Day 2020: From Feudalism to Becoming a Full-Fledged State

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73rd Himachal Day

Shimla-On this day in 1948, after overcoming centuries-old feudalism, 26 erstwhile Shimla hill states and four Punjab hill states amalgamated to form Himachal Pradesh. Back then, as a centrally-administered Chief Commissioner’s province, the total area of Himachal was 27,018 sq. km. and the population was 9.35 lakhs. The Chief Commissioner had an advisory body consisting of three erstwhile princely rulers and six representatives of the people.

            The dispensation, heavily dependent on bureaucracy was far from satisfactory for the people of Himachal, and resentment was manifest and understood. Soon, the committee on the Chief Commissioner province recommended administrative and legislative setup for such provinces. The recommendations were adopted by the Constituent Assembly,  resulting in enacting Part C States Act, 1951 in September 1951. Himachal, along with a few other Chief Commissioner’s Province, was made into the Part C States.

            In July 1954, Bilaspur-another Part C State was merged into Himachal, accreting the total area of the state to 28,912 sq.mtr.

            In 1955, the State Reorganization Commission head by Fazal Ali (K.M Panikar and H.N. Kunzru the other two members of the commission) recommended merger of Himachal with Punjab, though its Chairman dissented. He opined that Himachal should be retained as a separate entity. He further noted:

“In small states, the administration will be more accessible to the people and there will be a livelier sense of local needs”   

            This recommendation of the State Reorganization Commission came as a severe blow to the people of Himachal-only silvering was the dissent note of the Chairman. The danger of merging the Himachal with Punjab was lurking.

            A trade-off was achieved on 1st November 1956: Himachal lost its assembly but managed to keep its separate identity. It was made a Union Territory. For Himachalis, dreaming for statehood and democracy, it was one step forward two steps backwards.

            However, the Territorial Council formed under the Union Territory Act kept exhorting the Centre for the restoration of the assembly that was clipped in 1956. Finally, in 1963 the Government of India, acceding to the demand of the state leadership, converted the Himachal Territorial Council into a legislative Assembly.

            In 1966, the state of Punjab was reorganized into two states –Haryana and Punjab- on the recommendation of the Punjab Boundary Commission. The Punjab hill areas of the district Kangra, Shimla, Kullu, and Lahul Spiti; Nalagarh area of district Ambala; parts of Una tehsil of district Hoshiarpur; and Pathankot tehsil of Gurdaspur district was amalgam with Himachal Pradesh. This increased the total area of Himachal Pradesh to 55673 sq. km. with a population of 28.12 lakhs.

           In the meantime, State Legislative Assembly kept mounting the pressure on the central government for granting statehood. Their argument for granting statehood was based on the distinct culture, peculiar problems, hill topography, and the aspiration of its people. The fact that few of the states (Punjab, Haryana, Nagaland) were much smaller in size than Himachal Pradesh buttressed their case.

            Finally, on 31.07.1970 the bill for grant of statehood was introduced in the Parliament; after detailed deliberation-in both the houses- on 18th December 1970, the “State of Himachal Pradesh Act” was passed, making the Himachal as 18th state of the Indian Union.

            The journey of Himachal, since coming into being on this day in 1948, has been a chequered one. The people of the state, who, initially fought to discard and reject feudalism won the day when Himachal embraced the federalism. The feudal rule gave them no liberty rights, left them ignorant to languish in poverty and forced them into corvee (Begar).

            Today’s Himachal has come a long way: it has achieved tremendous progress in the construction of roads, imparting education, a robust network of the health systems. The initial thrust on building state capacity, nurturing various institutes, heavy investment in agriculture & horticulture proved a springboard for development in the later years.

            Over the years, various hydro projects were commissioned to harness the benefit of abundance availability of hydro potential. Himachal has also emerged as a Pharma Hub and a top tourist destination as lakhs of tourist visit the state every year.

            Albeit, the path of future development is laid with several challenges that have to be overcome in the coming years. Some of these challenges are: providing quality jobs to lakhs of youth; ensuring various institutes stay relevant in the future; maintaining the climate and ecology; controlling pollution; mounting debt. 

           The further of the state will depend on how these eminent challenges are dealt with.  And how proactively state confronts the modern problems of the forthcoming decade.

 

    

 

 

A former banker, interested in matters on economics, globalization, emerging markets, financial sector and public policy; Economic and Management graduate. He lives in Shimla.

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Himachal’s LPG Supply Hit Amid Global Tensions, Likely to Affect Hospitality Industry

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LGP shortage in himachal pradesh

Shimla—A quiet but worrying crisis is unfolding in Himachal Pradesh. Across several districts, traders, hoteliers, and restaurant owners are reporting a sharp shortage of commercial LPG cylinders, leaving many establishments with barely a few days’ supply. In a state where tourism drives the local economy, disruptions in cooking fuel supply can quickly escalate into a wider economic concern.

Local reports indicate the shortage is already affecting hospitality businesses. Traders in Shimla have warned that commercial gas stocks may last only a couple of days if fresh deliveries do not arrive soon, according to a report by Amar Ujala. Restaurant owners have echoed similar concerns in Solan and nearby tourist towns, where businesses fear that kitchens may soon struggle to operate without regular supplies, as reported by Dainik Jagran.

At first glance, the shortage appears to be a regional supply bottleneck. In reality, the problem is tied to wider disruptions in global energy markets triggered by the ongoing tensions in West Asia.

Tourism economy vulnerable to fuel disruption

Himachal Pradesh’s tourism sector relies heavily on thousands of small and medium establishments—restaurants, cafés, dhabas, and hotels. Unlike large metropolitan areas where piped natural gas networks are expanding, most commercial kitchens in the hill state still depend almost entirely on LPG cylinders.

This dependence makes the sector particularly vulnerable. Even short supply disruptions can force restaurants to reduce operations, limit menus, or temporarily shut down.

Industry bodies across India have already sounded the alarm. Restaurant operators have warned that continued supply disruptions could lead to closures across the sector. For a tourism-driven state like Himachal Pradesh, such disruptions can ripple through the wider economy.

The global trigger: instability in West Asia

The roots of the crisis lie thousands of kilometers away. The conflict involving the United States and Iran has begun affecting energy markets and shipping routes in the Gulf region.

A key concern is the Strait of Hormuz, one of the world’s most important energy corridors through which a large share of global oil and LPG shipments pass. India’s dependence on this route is substantial. Energy analysts estimate that a majority of India’s LPG imports originate from Gulf countries and move through this narrow maritime passage, as noted in a report by The New Indian Express.

Any instability in the region immediately affects supply chains. Shipping risks rise, insurance premiums increase, and cargo movement slows. These pressures eventually filter down to domestic markets.

Recent reports have also linked rising LPG prices and supply concerns to the Middle East crisis, with consumers expressing worry about the impact of the conflict on cooking gas costs, according to ANI News.

Domestic prioritisation, commercial shortage

When supplies tighten, governments typically prioritise household consumption. Domestic LPG cylinders are considered essential for daily cooking, and maintaining their availability becomes a policy priority.

However, this often leaves commercial users facing reduced allocations. Restaurants and hotels depend almost entirely on commercial cylinders, which are distributed through a separate supply channel.

In response to the emerging supply concerns, the government has reportedly taken steps to ensure adequate domestic availability of LPG, including directing refiners to increase production and manage distribution more closely, as reported by The Economic Times.
While such measures protect households, they can intensify shortages for commercial establishments.

Geography amplifies the problem

Himachal Pradesh faces additional logistical challenges. LPG cylinders used in the state are largely transported from bottling plants located outside its borders. Moving these supplies across mountainous terrain involves long supply chains and limited transport routes.
When upstream deliveries slow down—whether at ports, refineries, or bottling plants—the impact reaches hill towns more quickly and more sharply.

At the same time, alternatives remain limited. Large-scale piped gas networks are rare in the state, and many commercial kitchens lack the electrical capacity required for high-energy cooking equipment.

A warning for energy resilience

The emerging LPG shortage in Himachal Pradesh is more than a temporary supply issue. It highlights a deeper vulnerability in India’s energy system—heavy dependence on imported fuel and fragile supply chains exposed to geopolitical shocks.

For a café owner in Shimla or a hotel operator in Manali, the geopolitics of West Asia may seem distant. Yet the current situation demonstrates how closely global energy flows are tied to local economies.

A disruption in the Persian Gulf can slow tanker shipments, delay fuel supplies at Indian ports, disrupt distribution networks—and ultimately affect the availability of cooking gas in a Himalayan kitchen.

As the situation evolves, the hope in Himachal Pradesh is that supply lines stabilise quickly. But the episode offers a clear lesson: in an interconnected world, even the quiet kitchens of the mountains are not insulated from global conflict.

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Mandi’s Monsoon Tragedy and the Cost of Ignored Warnings

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Mandi district in photos after flash floods

Mandi|July 11, 2025   — In the lap of the Himalayas, nestled among deodar forests and flowing streams, the district of Mandi has long stood as a symbol of Himachal’s tranquil beauty. But in the monsoon of 2025, that tranquillity was shattered — not by nature alone, but by a deadly combination of climate extremes, administrative apathy, and long-ignored warnings.

This year’s monsoon came not as a nurturing rain, but as a devastating deluge. What began in late June as a forecasted spell of heavy rainfall turned into one of the deadliest natural disasters in recent memory for Himachal Pradesh. And no place bore the brunt quite like Mandi.

The Collapse of Safety

Between June 20 and July 10, the state witnessed 91 rain-related deaths, out of which 17 occurred in Mandi district alone, making it the hardest-hit region according to the State Disaster Management Authority. More than 750 homes were completely destroyed, and another 880 partially damaged, while 10 bridges, multiple roads, and entire stretches of power and water infrastructure were washed away. In just 21 days, the estimated damage statewide crossed ₹750 crore.

Mandi district in photos after flash floods2

The primary culprits? Landslides, cloudbursts, and flash floods — many of which occurred in the dead of night, catching villagers off guard.

In Siyathi village, 67 lives were saved not by sirens or warning systems, but by a dog’s bark. A resident, Narendra, told media:

“It was midnight. We were sleeping. Suddenly the dog began barking non-stop. We ran out. Within minutes, the entire hillside collapsed and our homes were buried.”

The dog, unnamed but hailed as a hero, became a symbol of what worked in a place where institutional response did not.

A Night of Heroes in Deji Village

In nearby Deji, two college students — Ronid Pundir and Sahil Thakur — from Thunag Horticulture College became real-life saviours. When a sudden cloudburst triggered a flash flood in the dead of night, the duo ran from house to house, waking families and helping them escape. Their actions helped evacuate over 150 people.

mandi natural disaster

“We didn’t think twice. We just saw the water rising and started pulling people out,” Ronid told the media.

Despite such moments of courage, the tragedy left deep scars. In many parts of Seraj, Karsog, and Sundernagar subdivisions, residents reported that local authorities failed to respond in time. Emergency shelters were ill-equipped. In remote hamlets, stranded families waited hours, sometimes days, for rescue.
Mandi district in photos after flash floods3

A Failure of Planning, Not Just Weather

Himachal’s vulnerability to extreme weather is well known. Yet critics argue that poor land use planning, unregulated construction near rivers, and unsafe road-cutting practices have greatly magnified the disaster’s impact.

Geologists and environmentalists have warned for years that road expansion projects and large-scale deforestation in hill regions have weakened slope stability. In many places, construction has occurred dangerously close to water channels, despite repeated advisories.

This time, the warnings played out in real-time — with mud, stone, and entire homes tumbling into ravines.

Government Response: Promises and Limitations

Chief Minister Sukhvinder Singh Sukhu visited the worst-affected villages, including Baga, Syanj, and Panglyur, personally distributing relief materials and speaking with the victims.

“No family should feel alone. The state stands with you,” he said during a relief camp visit.

The state government announced ₹7 lakh in compensation per fully destroyed house, and temporary shelters for displaced families. In contrast, the central government’s compensation — capped at ₹1.3 lakh — has drawn criticism from state ministers and the public alike.

Revenue Minister Jagat Singh Negi remarked:

“What we’re getting from the Centre is insufficient. Our people are suffering. We need stronger, faster support.”

A Glimpse into the Future

Perhaps the most chilling aspect of this disaster is that it may be only the beginning. Scientists warn that climate change is accelerating the frequency and intensity of such events in the Himalayas. Increased temperatures are destabilizing glaciers. Erratic rainfall patterns are overwhelming natural drainage systems.

Experts now call for a complete reassessment of infrastructure policy in Himachal — including bans on construction near rivers, better slope-stabilization in road projects, and improved early warning systems for landslides and flash floods.

“What’s happening is not natural anymore,” said a climate scientist from IIT Mandi. “It’s a man-made disaster wrapped in nature’s disguise.”

Beyond Numbers: The Lives Left Behind

In the hills of Mandi, statistics cannot capture the grief. Each day, as clouds gather, a quiet anxiety grips the village once more.

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War Is Not a Spectacle, Soldiers Are Not Content, and Journalism is Not War-Mongering

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Shimla– In times of conflict, journalism must rise to its noblest purpose: truth, accountability, and responsibility. And yet, as India and Pakistan faced off once again across borders—bullets flying, lives lost, families shattered—a section of the Indian media turned tragedy into theatre.

From the moment reports of cross-border attacks surfaced, several primetime news anchors transformed their studios into shrill war rooms. Not to inform, but to inflame. Graphic war music, animated explosions, ticker tapes screaming “BREAKING”—the spectacle began. As soldiers bled on the border, TV screens bled hyperbole.

The most damning criticism did not come from adversaries but from global media observers. The BBC described Indian news channels’ coverage as “jingoistic and unhinged”. Al Jazeera and The Guardian echoed similar sentiments, noting how unverified reports, doctored videos, and belligerent studio debates replaced sober reportage.

Anchors, who had never seen a trench or a frontline, banged desks demanding military action. Unconfirmed reports were aired without attribution. Words like “annihilation,” “revenge,” and “surgical strike 2.0” were thrown around with theatrical bravado. There was no time to pause for facts. There was no room for nuance. There was only TRP.

The absurdity reached its peak when a few channels aired animations of fighter jets with triumphant music. Meanwhile, real families were burying their dead – soldiers and civilians alike.

In this chaos, journalism died a quiet death.

Media as Vultures

The metaphor is tragically apt. These channels, masquerading as patriots, behaved like vultures—circling the battlefield, feeding off the dead for ratings. Their hunger wasn’t for truth, but for viewership. They amplified hatred, dismissed dissent, and turned war into primetime entertainment.

And in doing so, they embarrassed India, not just at home but before the world.

The Cost of Sensationalism

When media loses its spine, democracy loses its mirror. The consequence is not just embarrassment—it’s danger. Misinformation in wartime can escalate conflict, trigger communal unrest, and mislead policymakers. A responsible media can cool tensions. An irresponsible one can fan the flames.

We must ask: Where is the human cost of war—the widows, the orphans, the destroyed homes? Where is the perspective from peace-builders, historians, and diplomats? Journalism is not supposed to echo government talking points—it is supposed to hold power to account, especially in wartime.

What Needs to Change

The Press Council of India, the News Broadcasting & Digital Standards Authority (NBDSA), and civil society must take stronger action against media outlets that violate ethical standards. Viewers too must switch off noise in favor of news. The Indian media must remember that its loyalty is to truth—not to war, not to government, and certainly not to TRP.

War is not a spectacle. Soldiers are not content. And journalism is not war-mongering.

It is time Indian newsrooms return to their core duty: informing citizens with accuracy, dignity, and humanity.

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